Interview with Thomas Samuels
Transcript: At school, when we interacted, initially, signing was not allowed, that we’d be punished if we used signing.
Manhattan
Rev. Malika Leigh Whitney and Double Dutch Dreamz
When she was growing up in Harlem in the 1940s, Reverend Malika Lee Whitney played a lot of street games, like hopscotch, jacks, stick ball, and stoop ball.
The Disability Independence Day March
After Camp Jened closed in 1977, many former campers stayed connected to one another.
History of Double Dutch
Two Black Harlem police officers, Mike Walker and Ulysses Williams, founded the first Annual World International Double Dutch competition in 1974.
New York kids jump for prizes in Double Dutch tourney
The Eighth Annual World International Double Dutch competition took place at Lincoln Center in 1981.
Audre Lorde
By the 1980s, Audre Lorde was working full-time as a writer.
Willie Mae Goodman and Marguerite Goodman
Mrs. Willie Mae Goodman heard many people speak of her daughter’s death.
Parents Protest for School Transportation
In early 1979, the Board of Education decided to change the rules for private bus operators in a way that would have lowered wages for many drivers.
Jose P. vs. Ambach, excerpt
Many major changes in education have come through federal legislation.
Girls Jumping Double Dutch
According to New York’s Black newspaper the Amsterdam News, Double Dutch is “a skip-rope activity in which two ropes are turned in eggbeater fashion by two rope turners while a third person jumps within the moving ropes.
Palante, cover
Palante was a self-published newspaper in which the various branches of the Young Lords Party highlighted important issues in their communities.
Iris Morales Leads Political Education Class
Born in 1948, Iris Morales was the child of Puerto Rican migrants to New York.
Denise Oliver
Denise Oliver, born in Brooklyn in 1947, grew up in Queens.
We Demand
Student protesters at City College (CCNY) explained why they organized a strike on their campus and what changes they wanted to achieve.
Viva Harlem U!
Although City College, where Audre Lorde taught, was in the predominantly Black and Latinx community of Harlem, there were very few Black or Latinx students who attended.
OPERATION SHUT DOWN flyer
Not all New York City school boycotters wanted integration.
Black Panther Party letter about OPERATION SHUT DOWN
The Black Panther Party’s Harlem Branch, founded in 1966, defined Black Power as “having the right to self-determination or the power to decide what should go down in our community,” and “being the decision makers, the policy makers.
Parents and Taxpayers Protest and Counter-Protest on Film
In the summer of 1964, the New York City Board of Education issued a very modest plan for desegregation.
Parents and Taxpayers March to City Hall on Film
On March 12, 1964 - between the first 1964 pro-integration boycott and the second - a group of white parents calling themselves “Parents and Taxpayers” led a march from the Board of Education building in Brooklyn to City Hall in Manhattan.
Puerto Rican Civil Rights March on Film
Concern about school segregation was not only expressed during the school boycott.