Puerto Ricans (Spoken Version)
Puerto Ricans became citizens of the United States in 1917, as part of the US’s claiming control of the island.
immigrants and migrants
La Escuela Bilingüe Número 25 del Distrito Escolar 7
Please note: This is work in progress. Please keep that in mind as you read.
Club Borinquen
Italian immigrant Leonard Covello was the principal of East Harlem’s Benjamin Franklin High School, an all-boys school.
Children Participating in a Public Campaign
In the 1930s and 1940s, Benjamin Franklin High School was a dynamic place.
The Role of the School in a Housing Program for the Community
Benjamin Franklin High School students came together in clubs that celebrated their cultural identities, like Club Borinquen and clubs focused on Italian American culture.
Nationality of Pupils
Who were New York City’s students? This seemingly simple question became the focus of a citywide research project led by the Board of Education.
The High Tide of Immigration
Immigrants helped New York City grow and prosper in the late 1800s and early 1900s, yet they faced many anti-immigrant attitudes in their new home city.
A Day’s Work in a New York Public School, excerpt
Many photos of New York City schools in the early 20th century show so many students that it is hard to see them as individual people.
First Patriotic Election in the Beach Street Industrial School
Many New Yorkers lived in poverty in the 1890s, and depended on their children to work to help support the family.
Grammar School No. 33, New York City, Assembled for Morning Exercises
New York City’s rapid growth in the 1880s and 1890s meant a dramatically increasing number of children in the city, and in schools.